February 2010 - Number 25
   
 

Plan de Iguala

 

Source: www.ensayistas.org/


Plan and indications for the government to be installed temporarily in order to ensure our holy religion and to establish the independence of the Mexican Empire and will have the title of Governing Board of Northern America, proposed by Mr. Coronel D. Agustín de Iturbide to His Excellency the Viceroy of New Spain, Count of Venadito.

  1. Religion in New Spain is and will be the Catholic, Apostolic, Roman, without sovereignty [tolerance] of another one.
  2. The New Spain is independent of the former one and any other power, even on our continent.
  3. The government will be a constitutional monarchy, under the constitution peculiar and adaptable to the kingdom.
  4. The Emperor will be Don Fernando VII, and he is not to appear in person in Mexico within the term that the Courts determine when to take the oath, being called for in that case his Highness Señor Infante Don Carlos, Señor Don Francisco de Paula, Archduke Carlos, or other of a reigning family that Congress deems convenient.
  5. Interim the Courts assemble, there shall be a Board whose objective would be such and enforce the plan entirely.
  6. Such Board, to be called governmental, should consist of those members that the official document state addressed to His Excellency the Viceroy.
  7. Meantime Don Fernando VII appears in Mexico and takes oath, the Board will rule on behalf of His Majesty, under the oath of allegiance which the nation provided; but that all orders be suspended interim the oath had not been taken.
  8. If Señor Don Fernando VII would not deign to come to Mexico, and meanwhile the new emperor is designated, the Board or Regency should govern the nation.
  9. The government will be sustained by the army of the Three Guarantees, which will be discussed later.
  10.  The Courts will resolve the continuation of the Board or whether to replace it with regency, while awaiting the person to be crowned.   
  11.   The Courts will then establish the constitution of the Mexican Empire.
  12.   All the inhabitants of New Spain, without distinction, Europeans, Africans and Indians, are citizens of this monarchy with an option for jobs according to their merits and virtues.
  13.  The people of all citizens and their property will be respected and protected by the government.
  14.  The secular and regular clergy will be preserved in all its rights and privileges.
  15.  The Board shall ensure that all branches of the state remain unaltered, and all political employees, ecclesiastics, civilians and military men, in the same place as they were from the beginning, [shall be removed only those who are not willing to follow the plan and be replaced by the most distinguished in virtue and merit].
  16.  A protective army will be formed known as the Three Guarantees, because under its protection will be first: the preservation of the Catholic, Apostolic Roman Religion, cooperating with all means available, to avoid any mixing of another sect and attack the enemies on time to prevent any damage to it; secondly, the independence of the mentioned scheme; thirdly, the union, intimate of Americans and Europeans; then, guaranteeing  such fundamental basis of the happiness of the New Spain rather than condone infringement of any, life will be sacrificed from the first to the last of its individuals.       
  17.  Army troops will observe the strictest discipline to the ordinances, and the officers will continue where they are today; that is, in their respective classes with an option for the job vacancies and of the ones left for following other ideals or any other cause, and with the option to those that are needed or desired.  
  18.  The troops of this army will be considered a line.
  19. The same will happen with the ones that will follow this plan. Those that do not differ from the last independence system, should immediately join the army, and the civilians who attempt to enlist, be considered as national armed forces, and of all the forms for the internal and external security of the Kingdom, be dictated by the Courts.
  20.  Jobs will be granted to real merit, by virtue of the reports of the respective chiefs and temporarily on behalf of the nation.
  21.  Interim the Courts are established, the crimes will be revised under the Spanish constitution.
  22.  In the conspiracy against the independence, there will be prison until the Courts decide the penalty to the most of crimes after those against His Divine Majesty.
  23. Those who try to foster disunity, will be monitored, and shall be deemed as conspirators against independence.
  24.  As the Courts to be installed must be constituents, it is necessary that the deputies receive sufficient powers to the effect; moreover it is very important that voters know that their representatives should be for the Congress of Mexico and not of Madrid, the Board shall prescribe fair rules for the elections and point out the necessary time for them and for the opening of the Congress. Now that elections cannot be verified in March, the term will be reduced as much as possible.

 

 

 

 

 
  Aguascalientes Los Cabos León  
Acapulco Culiacán Manzanillo
Cancún Querétaro La Paz
Colima Mérida Riviera Maya
Cuernavaca Morelia Compostela
Chihuahua Monterrey Mazatlán
Ciudad de México D.F. Torreón Cd. Juárez
Durango Puerto Vallarta Puebla
Guadalajara Riviera Nayarita Rosarito
Puerto Peñasco San Luis Potosí Hermosillo

Villahermosa

Veracruz Metropolitana Estado de México
 
Every article published is responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily express AMPI’s opinion.

Reproduced in the final phase of the war of independence. (From Mexico Independiente number 2, published in Iguala on 17 March 1821). Mexico: Biblioteca Mínima Mexicnana, 1955.99-102. On both occasions where we add text in [brackets], it corresponds to the text of the plan published in the Abeja Poblana (Puebla) six days after its enactment (March 1, 1821). Digital edition of Marine Herbst.   

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